Emerging Diagnostic Tools for Bladder Cancer

, Seung Il Jung

Review Article

The Korean Journal of Urological Oncology 2013;11(1):17-24.
Published online April 30, 2013.

방광암에 대한 새로운 진단기술

정승일

전남대학교 의과대학 비뇨기과학교실

Emerging Diagnostic Tools for Bladder Cancer

Seung Il Jung

Department of Urology, School of Medicine, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Korea

Correspondence: Seung Il Jung

Abstract

Nonmuscle invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) is one of the most expensive cancers to manage, because of its high prevalence, high recurrence rate, and the need for long-term cystoscopic surveillance. Transurethral resection (TUR) of NMIBC is often inadequate in removing the lesions completely. Small concomitant lesions, especially flat ones, can be overlooked during cystoscopy. Developments in optical diagnostics might reduce the limitations of current methods of detection and surveillance in several ways. These emerging techniques aim at cystoscopy for better visualization of bladder tumors or predict histopathologic diagnosis in realtime. This review provides an overview of emerging techniques, photodynamic diagnosis (PDD), narrow band imaging (NBI), Raman spectroscopy, confocal laser endomicroscopy, optical coherence tomography, virtual cystoscopy, etc for its use in the diagnosis and surveillance of bladder cancer. (Korean J Urol Oncol 2013;11:17-24)

Key Words: Bladder cancer, Diagnosis